Rationale: Making the Case for a Palliative Care Program
The experience of patients and families with life-threatening illness provides the clinical
rationale for the design of palliative care programs.
As patients live longer, they experience greater need for therapies to relieve their suffering
and improve the quality of their lives.
Changing Illness Experience
Over the last 150 years, the illness experience has changed considerably.
Changing Expectations and Needs of Patients and Families
As a result, patients and families have many more issues, expectations, responsibilities, burdens and need for therapies to
relieve their suffering and improve the quality of their lives.
Changing Healthcare's Response
Modern hospice and palliative care movements began in response to the need for relieving suffering and addressing quality of life issues
associated with life-threatening illness, particularly those that occur in the period
immediately before and after the death of the patient. As the movement matures, the benefits
that have been realized in the period surrounding death are being moved "upstream" to be
incorporated into routine care for patients and families.
The Opportunity
The compelling need for improved services creates an opportunity for healthcare providers
to create models to extend services throughout the illness experience.
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CAPCManual Attribution:
von Gunten CF,
Ferris FD,
Portenoy RK,
Glajchen M, eds.
CAPCManual: How to Establish A Palliative Care Program.
New York, NY: Center to Advance Palliative Care, 2001.
©
Center for Palliative Studies, San Diego Hospice & Palliative Care, San Diego, CA
and
The Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY, 2001
Permission to reproduce for non-commercial educational purposes with display of
attribution and
copyright is granted.
Last updated: February 20, 2002
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Rationale
Select section:
Changing Illness Experience
Changing Expectations and Needs
Progressive Healthcare Response
Responding to the Opportunity
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Changing Illness Experience
Illness in the Past
Progress Fighting Disaese
Illness Today
Prolonged Illness Experience
Chronic Disease Process
Determining Prognosis
Cancer
Manifestations
Predicament
Prolonged End-of-life Experience
Sudden Unexpected Death
Predictable Decline
Slow Decline, Multiple Acute Crises
Death in the US
Leading Causes of Death
Setting of Death
Desired
Reality
Multiple Issues Cause Suffering
The Square of Care
Morbidity
Pain
Need for Assistance
Social, Financial Impact
Implications for Care
Variable Need for Care
Opportunities
For Patients
For Families
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Changing Expectations and Needs
Increased Consumer Autonomy
Picker Institute 8 Dimensions of Care
Goals, Not Problems, Drive Care
Shift to Goal-oriented Care
Expect Competence, Expertise
Expect Comprehensive Assessment
Expect Effective Communication
Expect Participation in Decision-making
Expect Timely, Continous, Coordinated Care Delivery
Expect Assistance with Caregiving
Caregiver Training, Support
Caregiver Financial Support
Alternate Settings of Care
Respite Relief
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Progressive Healthcare Response
Focus on Disease-modifying Therapy
Focus on Care of the Dying
Early Hospice
Modern Hospice Movement
Dame Cicely Saunders
Origins of "Palliative Care”
Evolution of Hospice, Palliative Care
In United Kingdom
In Canada
In United States
Convergent Evolution
Hospice, Palliative Care in US Today
Hospice Growth
Continued Unmet Opportunity
A Public Health Issue
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Responding to the Opportunity
Paradigm Shift in Thinking
Provide Concurrent Care
Consider Application to Those at Risk
Expand Services, Settings of Care
1º, 2º, 3º Model of Delivery
Expand Access to Expertise
Create Specialized Environments
Many Names, Same Focus of Care
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